Electric and hybrid propulsion systems using fractional slot permanent magnet brushless machines and drives
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Keywords

imbalanced magnetic force
vibration
cogging torque
fault tolerance
winding inductance

Abstract

In recent years, research has focused on fractional slot permanent magnet brushless machines with 
concentrated non-overlapping windings. Because of their high torque density, high efficiency, low torque 
ripple, excellent flux-weakening, and fault-tolerance characteristics, they have already been used in 
commercial HEVs. However, when an inside PM rotor is used, the reluctance torque component is generally 
low or even insignificant, and such machines show comparatively high rotor eddy current loss, possibly large 
unbalanced magnetic force, acoustic noise, and vibration owing to rich mmf harmonics. Their many 
structural and design elements for EV/HEV applications are collected in this study.

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