The International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Communication Systems is committed to maintaining transparency, fairness, and impartiality throughout the publication process.

• Authors must disclose any financial, personal, professional, or institutional relationships that could influence their research, findings, or interpretation.

• Reviewers and editors must disclose potential conflicts and should not participate in decisions where a conflict of interest exists.

• Authors should provide a Conflict of Interest Statement with their manuscript.

• If no conflict exists, authors may state: “The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.”

• Any undisclosed conflict identified after publication may be reviewed by the editorial office, and appropriate action may be taken to protect the integrity and transparency of the published work.